Categories: ISROMissionsMoon

India’s Crashed Lander is In This Picture, Somewhere

The Chandrayaan-2 lander, Vikram, attempted a landing September 7th (Friday the 6th in the United States), on a small patch of lunar highland smooth plains between Simpelius N and Manzinus C craters. Unfortunately the landing was not successful and location of the spacecraft has not been announced. The scene above was captured from an LROC Quickmap fly-around of the site, image width is about 150 kilometers across the center [NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University].

This image of the lunar highlands is from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. You’d need superhuman eyesight to spot it, but India’s crashed Vikram lander is in there somewhere. The lander attempted to land on the Moon on September 6th, but when it was only 2.1 km above the surface, within reach of its objective, ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) lost contact with the spacecraft.

This mission was important for India. It was their first attempted soft-landing on another world. The lander was paired with the Chandrayaan-2 orbiter, which is in orbit and operational.

The Vikram lander was supposed to touch down between two craters: Simpelius N and Manzinus C about 600 km (372 miles) from the Moon’s south pole. On September 10th, ISRO has said they’ve located the lander but are still gathering data to determine what happened. But NASA says the location hasn’t been revealed. Since the lander was only 2.1 km above the surface when it deviated from its course and contact was lost, it must be in this image somewhere.

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“Vikram lander has been located by the orbiter of Chandrayaan-2, but no communication with it yet. All possible efforts are being made to establish communication with lander.”
ISRO Official Statement, September 10th

In the image above, the lighting is not great. It was captured by the LRO during a Quickmap fly-over of the site on September 17th. The area imaged is about 150 km (93 miles) across. The area was in deep shadows at the time, which could easily obscure the lander.

A screenshot from the LROC Quickmap.<Click to Expand and Explore>Image Credit: NASA/LRO/ASU

NASA says that the LRO will pass over Vikram’s landing site in October with more favorable lighting conditions. It’s possible that Vikram will be visible then.

Another view of Vikram’s landing site, taken before the spacecraft attempted to land. Manzinus C is in the upper middle of the image and Simpelius N is the small circular crater in the lower middle. This image is 87 kilometers (54 miles) across. Image Credit: NASA/GSFC/Arizona State University

Ifn the Vikram lander was lost, so was its rover, Pragyan. Both Vikram and Pragyan were only going to operate for one lunar day, or 14 Earth days, but it’s still a loss for a nation striving for greater capabilities in space, and greater scientific capabilities overall.

The Chandrayaan-2 orbiter is still in operation, though. On September 19th, ISRO released this statement.

Official statement from ISRO.

Chandrayaan-2 carries a suite of instruments designed to study the location and abundance of water on the Moon’s south pole region, as well as variations in the composition of the surface of the Moon. It’s expected to continue, and hopefully complete, its seven-year mission.

ISRO isn’t giving up on Vikram yet. They’re still trying to establish communication with the lander, in hopes of understanding what went wrong. But it’s dark there now and there’s no solar power. Also, according to ISRO, the hard crash could have damaged the lander making it inoperative, or the antennae could be oriented incorrectly.