Categories: AstronomyMoon

The Most Recent Volcanic Activity on the Moon? Just 100 Million Years ago

Regions of the Moon known as irregular mare patches – formed by magma cooling from a volcanic eruption – have almost no big craters, indicating that they must be relatively young. By studying the distribution of craters within them, we can estimate when these regions were formed: no more than 100 million years ago.

The Moon isn’t very active nowadays, and to be honest hasn’t been very active for a pretty long time. By studying the craters on the surface – specifically, how many there are and how big they are – we can get a handle on the ages of various parts of the Lunar surface.

This is because volcanic activity will wipe away any craters, resurfacing the Moon. The longer the time since the last resurfacing event, the more craters we will see. They’ll also tend to be bigger, because it takes a long time to get hit by that unlucky strike from a massive asteroid or comet.

Almost all the Lunar surface is incredibly ancient, well over a billion years old. But regions on the near side of the Moon, known as irregular mare patches (or IMPs) tell a different story. These IMPS, usually no more than a dozen kilometers across, have no large craters.

This means that the IMPs are regions where volcanic activity took place relatively recently, as little as 100 million years ago. This makes IMPs among the youngest regions on the Lunar surface.

We currently don’t know what kept the Moon warm enough to trigger volcanic eruptions so recently. An alternative hypothesis suggests that the IMPs aren’t young at all, but merely made from a very low density form of magma. Perhaps a mission dedicated to studying IMPs might give us the answer.

Paul M. Sutter

Astrophysicist, Author, Host | pmsutter.com

Recent Posts

Are Fast Radio Bursts Caused by Interstellar Objects Crashing Into Neutron Stars?

Astronomers have only been aware of fast radio bursts for about two decades. These are…

1 hour ago

Here’s How to Weigh Gigantic Filaments of Dark Matter

How do you weigh one of the largest objects in the entire universe? Very carefully,…

3 hours ago

How Could Astronauts Call for Help from the Moon?

Exploring the Moon poses significant risks, with its extreme environment and hazardous terrain presenting numerous…

16 hours ago

There Was a 15 Minute Warning Before Tonga Volcano Exploded

Volcanoes are not restricted to the land, there are many undersea versions. One such undersea…

16 hours ago

Main Sequence and White Dwarf Binaries are Hiding in Plain Sight

Some binary stars are unusual. They contain a main sequence star like our Sun, while…

18 hours ago

What a Misplaced Meteorite Told Us About Mars

11 million years ago, Mars was a frigid, dry, dead world, just like it is…

20 hours ago