Enceladus Might Mask the Length of Saturn’s Day

Enceladus. Image credit: NASA/JPL/SSIYou’d think it would be an easy question to answer: how long is Saturn’s day? But it’s been a puzzle for astronomers for many years. On other gas planets, astronomers just measure the rotation of their magnetic fields. The problem is that the Ringed Planet’s field rotates slower than the rest of the planet, and it changes.
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Radioactive Core Might Explain Geysers on Enceladus

SaturnSince Cassini arrived at Saturn, it has made many impressive discoveries. One of the most intriguing is the discovery that Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus has geysers spewing water ice into space. Some planetary scientists theorize that there are pockets of liquid water near the surface of Enceladus that could harbour life. But where is the heat coming from to fuel these geysers?
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Unique New Perspectives of Saturn

Top down view of Saturn. Image credit: NASA/JPL/SSINow flying in a polar orbit around Saturn, NASA’s Cassini spacecraft is now sending back completely unique images of Saturn, seen from overhead. The photograph that I’ve attached to this story shows Saturn seen from almost directly overhead. The planet itself has been removed, so just the rings are visible. But there are other images taken over the last two months.
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New Crater Discovered on Titan

Partial view of a crater on Titan. Image credit: NASA/JPL/SSINASA’s Cassini spacecraft captured this image of a semi-circular feature on Saturn’s moon Titan. Planetary geologists think that it might be a relatively recent impact crater on Titan. This would be surprising, since all the data gathered on Titan shows that its surface is relatively young, constantly weathered and resurfaced by weather conditions – only three impact craters have been found on Titan so far.
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What Else Could Be Spewing Out of Enceladus?

The plumes of Enceladus. Image credit: NASA/JPL/SSIOne of the biggest space news stories of 2006 was the Cassini’s discovery that water ice was spraying out the bottom of Saturn’s moon Enceladus. It could be that the tiny moon is under such gravitational flexing from Saturn that it refuses to freeze solid. Researchers then went on to propose that this spray of ice is actually regenerating Saturn’s E ring.
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Daphnis Walks the Knife Edge

Saturn’s tiny moon Daphnis makes waves as it orbits the Ringed Planet. Even though it’s only 7 km (4.3 miles) across, the moon’s gravity draws material along the edges of the Keeler gap, creating the serrated knife edge you see in this picture. Cassini took this photo on Ocrober 27, 2006 when it was approximately 325,000 kilometers (202,000 miles) from Daphnis.
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Pan Clearing a Gap in Saturn’s Rings

If you want to understand what causes the gaps in Saturn’s rings, just look at this picture. The bright object in the middle of Saturn’s Encke gap is one of its moons: Pan. The tiny moon is only 26 km (16 miles) across, but its minor gravity can clear out the ring particles. Cassini took this image on October 27, 2006 when it was 385,000 km (239,000 miles) from Pan.
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What Venus and Saturn Have in Common

Astronomers have known about a strange vortex at the south pole of Venus since the 1970s, when it was discovered by NASA’s Pioneer Venus spacecraft. And recently, the Cassini spacecraft imaged a similar vortex at Saturn’s southern pole. The two vortices are caused when an area of low pressure sits at the rotation pole of a planet. This causes air to spiral down from higher in the atmosphere, like water going down a drain. Any planet with an atmosphere, even the Earth, can form a vortex like this. Venus’ vortex is unusual because it has two eyes that rotate around each other.
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