Asteroid Samples Returned to Earth Were Immediately Colonized by Bacteria

By Brian Koberlein - November 27, 2024 11:17 AM UTC | Astrobiology
There is no place you can go on Earth that hasn't been colonized by bacteria, from the bottom of the oceans to the cloud tops. And when Japanese researchers examined samples of Asteroid Ryugu from the Hayabusa2 mission, they realized the little devils had found a new home. Despite containment protocols, with the samples delivered in a hermetically sealed chamber, opened in airtight containers in nitrogen gas, in a negative pressure room, life found a way.
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Fantastic New Image of the Sombrero Galaxy From Webb

By Brian Koberlein - November 26, 2024 10:06 AM UTC | Extragalactic
You're looking at a fantastic new image of the Sombrero Galaxy captured by JWST. If you look carefully, you can see the clumpy, cloud-like outer ring made of gas and dust. At the center is an actively feeding supermassive black hole. Thousands of globular star clusters surround the galaxy. In Webb's infrared view, the thick outer ring seen by Hubble disappears, revealing the complex structure underneath that produces surprisingly few stars.
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Einstein Predicted How Gravity Should Work at the Largest Scales. And He Was Right

By Brian Koberlein - November 25, 2024 11:01 AM UTC | Physics
Researchers working with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument have mapped nearly 6 million galaxies across 11 billion years of the Universe's history. In a new study, they explain that gravity at the largest scales behaves exactly as Einstein predicted it would with the general theory of relativity. These observations also limit the possible theories of modified gravity, which have been proposed to explain dark matter observations.
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There was Hot Water on Mars 4.45 Billion Years Ago

By Brian Koberlein - November 23, 2024 11:56 AM UTC | Planetary Science
Mars formed 4.5 billion years ago, roughly the same time as the Earth. We know that water was stable on Earth since about 4.3 billion years ago, but when was it present on Mars? Researchers investigated a meteorite that originated from Mars and found zircon crystals that date back to 4.45 billion years ago. They believe this could be the oldest evidence for water on Mars. And not just water, but hot water welling up from hydrothermal systems beneath the surface.
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New Supercomputer Simulation Explains How Mars Got Its Moons

By Brian Koberlein - November 22, 2024 12:31 PM UTC | Planetary Science
One mystery in planetary science is a satisfying origin story for Mars's moons, Phobos and Deimos. Were they chunks of Mars blasted into space by a meteor impact? Were they captured asteroids from the belt? A new supercomputer simulation found that a reasonable explanation could come from a massive asteroid passing just close enough to Mars that it was torn into pieces. Over time, chunks and debris would have settled into a disk around Mars and clumped into moons.
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The Large Magellanic Cloud Survived its Closest Approach to the Milky Way

By Brian Koberlein - November 18, 2024 10:45 AM UTC | Milky Way
The Large Magellanic Cloud is the closest, brightest dwarf galaxy to the Milky Way—20 times bigger than the full Moon in the sky. Astronomers think that the LMC just completed its closest approach to the Milky Way, blowing away the spherical halo of gas surrounding it. Smaller galaxies would have shut down star formation, but the LMC has enough material to keep forming stars. New observations from Hubble have helped astronomers measure its halo structure.
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